I'm not quite sure what you're hoping to achieve but the short answer is probably that it can't be done. Programs that read from stdin are usually expected to behave interactively, with the task pausing until the user types something, then resuming. Users also expect to see the keyboard input echoed to standard output.
CodeRunner's 'run-in-sandbox' AJAX service, which is what the Ace-inline-filter is using, simply sends a complete job to the Jobe server which runs it and returns the results. There's no interactivity possible here. You can supply a text string to be used in lieu of keyboard input but Jobe just writes this to a file and runs the job with stdin redirected to that file. Input is not echoed to standard output so if there are, say, two successive reads from stdin with prompt strings Prompt A and Prompt B, the student will just see the output Prompt A Prompt B all on one line with no apparent input taking place. Unless they're carefully trained on what to expect, they will find this very confusing.
However, if you do have suitably-trained-up students you can possibly let them enter the standard input, say via a JavaScript dialogue box or, with a bit more effort, from an extra text field adjacent to the Ace code panel. The trick is to make use of the code-mapper attribute of the <pre> element, supplying it with a JavaScript function that asks the user for the standard input to be used in the run and then prefixing the code in some way that forces the entered string to become the standard input. In Python you can do that by tweaking the sys.stdin attribute.
It seems I can't demonstrate that within a forum posting page because the page gets sanitised, removing all the scripts and unknown HTML attributes. But here's the HTML, which you should be able to paste into more forgiving contexts on your server (e.g. description questions).
<script>
function hackme(codeIn) {
let s = prompt("stdin (use \\n for newline)?", "");
s = s.replace('\\n', '\n');
let codeOut = `import sys
from io import StringIO
stdin_data = u'''${s}
'''
sys.stdin = StringIO(stdin_data)
` + codeIn;
return codeOut;
};
window.hackme = hackme;
</script>
<pre class="ace-interactive-code" data-code-mapper="hackme">name = input("What is your name? ")
age = int(input("How old are you? "))
print(f"Hi {name}. Next year you will be {age + 1}")
</pre>
In the case of Python you can improve things by prefixing the code with an alternative implementation of the input
function that does echo stdin to stdout but you may not even by using Python and I doubt this is a good way to proceed anyway so I won't give the code.
If we want students to experiment with different input test data in a program we simply define a variable and tell the students to edit it. For example
your_name = "Angus" # Experiment by changing this